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ProtoKinetix, Inc. (OTCBB: PKTX)
ProtoKinetix, Inc. is a biotechnology company that has developed and patented a family of synthetic anti-aging glycopeptides (AAGP(TM)) for medicine and the biotechnology and cosmetic industries. PKTX is currently in dialog with major corporations and institutions who have contacted the Company about the broad range of applications for AAGP(TM) products.
Cells are the basic independent units of life. Cell clusters that perform similar functions are tissues and organs. Cell function and survival is constantly challenged as cells, and tissues and organs, are subjected to a multitude of environmental stresses, aging, various diseases and genetic disorders.
Cell therapy is a field of medicine that uses cells to repair tissues and organs that have been damaged by human disease or to generate new tissues with desired functional activities. Medical science is making considerable progress in research and developing therapies using embryonic and adult stem cells.
At the same time the use of blood component cells in transfusions and organ transplants continue to be an important part of many medical treatments. Cells, tissues and organs all need to survive with enhanced health for these procedures to be more effective.
ProtoKinetix’ anti-aging glycopeptides, trademarked as AAGPs™, have demonstrated in tests the ability to enhance the health and extend the life of biologically sensitive cells which have been subjected to acute stress conditions under laboratory controlled protocols. AAGPs™ have shown to be stable and non-toxic.
ProtoKinetix owns the world-wide rights to this family of anti-aging glycopeptides.
Since inception in 2004, ProtoKinetix has primarily focused on scientific research, but the company is now in the process of directing major efforts to the practical side of commercialization. The commercial applications for AAGPs™ in large markets such as skincare/cosmetic products and targeted health care solutions are numerous. ProtoKinetix is currently working with leading businesses to bring AAGP™ to market.
PATENTS >>
ProtoKinetix has significant patent protection for its family of anti-aging glycopeptides.
Granted: WO 2004/014928 A2 (19 February 2004)
Pending: WO 2006/059227 A1 20060608 AN 2006:538719
The Company has also developed a substantial body of trade secrets and know-how relating to the development, use and manufacture of AAGP™, including but not limited to the optimization of materials for efforts, and how to maximize sensitivity
BUSINESS MODEL >>
ProtoKinetix is building value for investors through licensing and joint ventures with business partners, utilizing our internationally patented technology– which is comprised of a family of glycoprotein compounds – targeting biotechnology applications where existing and developing businesses have requirements that AAGPs™ – anti-aging glycopeptides – will dramatically improve.
The biotechnology business is often subject to expensive and time consuming regulatory processes. Our approach is to expedite the development of our technology primarily through business relationships that provide us with leading-edge technical and marketing expertise to expedite the time lines to place products on the shelf.
ProtoKinetix is not about building a business with “bricks and mortar.” We believe there are so many AAGP™ applications that can best be reached through strategic business relationships.
We assess each opportunity with return on investment as the priority. Defining and measuring each agreement based upon corporate investment, time line to market, strength of the organization within a specific market segment and marketing strengths.
As we build the value of AAGP™ we are also taking steps to generate revenue through sales of products in markets that do not require regulatory oversight.
NATIVE AFGP >>
AFGP (Anti-Freeze Glycoprotein) is found in nature as a compound produced by some fish, insects, reptiles, bacteria and plants that enable survival in freezing temperatures.
AFGP acts to prevent ice crystals from spiking and rupturing cells, tissues and organs and thereby causing death. It also has a direct effect on cells by some undefined process.
There has been much scientific research done in an attempt to synthetically replicate AFGPs in research institutions because the protective properties of AFGPs could have commercial applications, primarily in food and crop preservation at freezing temperatures.
Scientific research prior to AAGP has focused on building a stable and more efficient compound with a stronger bond.
AAGP™ INVENTION >>
AAGPs™ were invented by Dr. Geraldine-Castelot-Deliencourt and developed and protected by patents in partnership with the Institute for Scientific Application (INSA) of France. For her work in this area Dr. Castelot-Deliencourt was honored in 2006 with France’s highest award for scientific accomplishment – the Francinov Gold Award.
AAGP™ is highly stable and not cytotoxic. The result is a molecule that is extremely small (about 580 Daltons) and can move through tissues and reach targeted cells to protect them from inflammatory and oxidative stresses and in some cases repair damage caused by these stresses.
CONTROLLED LABORATORY TESTS >>
AAGP™ testing is conducted to international standards in outsourced research laboratories in North America and Europe.
All tests are designed to explore both the safety and effectiveness of AAGP™ when challenged to enhance the health and extend the life of cells.
AAGP™ STABILITY TESTS
AAGPs™ are tested for non-toxicity and stability.
AAGP™ molecules have remained stable when subjected to three tests:
pH ranging from a strong acid level of 1.8 (stronger than stomach acid) to a strong alkali level of 13.8. (the pH scale is calibrated from 1, highly acidic, to 14, highly alkali)
Enzymatic action using protease, which targets the amino acid bonds, and glycosidase, which targets the sugar molecules.
Temperatures ranging from -196°C (cryopreservation) to +37°C (body temperature).
AAGP™ TOXICITY TESTS >>
Cells that have been exposed to AAGP™ at low and high concentrations have remained viable. A common viability test used on cell cultures using trypan blue dye exclusion method has been used to show AAGP™ non-toxicity.
STRESS TESTS ON CELL LINES >>
Cell lines are selected for their high level of sensitivity.
Cell lines are also selected for their potential role in adding value in medical applications, enhancing health and extending life.
All tests are designed to explore how cells from different cell lines act biologically in the presence of AAGP™ when subjected to health and life threatening inflammatory stress conditions and agents.
Results Summary:
In every test the cells that were in the presence of AAGP™ had a higher survival and viability rate than the controls. The overall effect of AAGP™ is to protect, preserve and in some cases to repair. Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects appear to be at work. AAGP™ appears to enhance heath and extend cell life.
CELL LINES TESTED >>
Stem Cells (Human)
Whole Blood Cells
Blood Platelet Cells
Heart Tissue
Hela (Cancer) Cells
Kidney (KB and Vero) Cells
Adult Skin Fibroblast Cells
Heart Cells (Cardiac Myocytes)
Liver Cells (Hepatocytes)
Embryonic Skin Fibroblast Cells
Islet Cells (Pancreatic)
Stem Cells (Mouse)
STRESS CONDITIONS AND AGENTS >>
Temperature
· Temperatures ranging from -80° C to +37° C
UV-C Radiation
· This is harsh sterilizing radiation
· 254 Nanometer Wavelength
Oxidation
· Hydrogen Peroxide (H202)
· Powerful Oxidant
Starvation
· Serum Free Culture Media
· Food / Growth / Nutrients Factors (Fetal Bovine Serum) withheld
Inflammation
· Interleukin 1 Beta, a standard agent for stimulating inflammation in cell testing
*All of the above tests are also considered to cause inflammation
BIO-SCREENING CONTROL LAB TESTING >>
AAGP™ testing is conducted to international standards in outsourced research laboratories in North America and Europe.
All tests are designed to explore both the safety and effectiveness of AAGP™ when challenged to enhance the health and extend the life of cells.
AAGPs™ are tested for non-toxicity and stability.
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS >>
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS >> STEM CELLS AND AAGP™
Stem cells are one of the most promising areas of R&D in biotechnology today. Medical Scientists believe that stem cells offer the potential to cure or mitigate a host of pervasive and debilitating diseases and conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s Alzheimer’s, and diabetes. They also believe that stem cells can be used to repair damaged tissues or cells caused by caused by injuries to organs, limbs, and the spinal cord.
Stem cells are usually small in number, expensive to collect and have a delicate constitution. They are meant to live inside the body, however medical research and development requires them to live and function outside the body. This environment, along with the processes of collection, purification, separation, expansion, cryopreservation and thaw are all stresses that tend to cause stem cells to die or become dysfunctional in some way. Therefore the inventory of healthy stem cells is of significant importance and presents challenges for researchers and clinicians.
AAGP™ has demonstrated an ability to increase the inventory of viable stem cells. In laboratory controlled tests AAGP™ treated cells have survived harsh environmental stresses such as cryopreservation hydrogen peroxide oxidation, inflammation from interleukin 1Beta, UV-C radiation, and nutrient deprivation.
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS >> HEALTHCARE SOLUTIONS
Protokinetix AAGP™ research focuses on unique healthcare solutions that can provide cell survival which prolong the life of a cell, which is crucial in many medical research and procedures done today.
Currently there are two main categories that AAGP™ applications would be divided into.
Harvesting, storage and transplanting cells, tissues and organs.
Treatments for conditions and disease caused by stress factors, including UV radiation, oxidation and inflammation
Acute medical research study is always progressing, but one of the problems that researchers rely on is the benefit from solutions that can deal with the fundamental factors of inflammation and oxidation. Both are well-known causes of life-threatening conditions and diseases, and accelerated aging. In addition many acute medical problems are benefiting from cell therapies and transplantation of cell, tissues and organs.
AAGP™ is now being used or investigated as a possible solution by many healthcare companies that specialize in medical cell therapies, organ transplant, trauma, blood product banking and anti-inflammation.
AAGP™ has taken Protokinetix’s research team into preservation of stem cells and cell therapy, storage of blood platelets and blood products, harvesting and transplantation of islet cells for diabetes treatments, time sensitive organ transplantation and inflammation causing diseases and conditions.
Protokinetix expects to license several commercial applications from its AAGP™ family as well as expand its ongoing research and development with institutions and businesses. Protokinetix is actively in talks with several healthcare companies that are testing the molecule in their specific niche applications.
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS >> SKINCARE / COSMETICS
Industry sources estimate that the skincare market in the USA, including both mass and prestige, will reach $7.2 billion by 2010, driven in part by expected double-digit growth of anti-aging products, which is likely to become the second largest category behind hand & body lotions in the industry.
According to the Johnson and Johnson 2003 Annual Report, the global skin care and cosmetics market is already running easily in the tens of billions at some $43 billion dollars per year.
Everyone is talking about anti-aging; and in the skin care business it`s about healthier, younger looking skin.
The two major causes of dry, wrinkled, less elastic or even diseased skin are inflammation and oxidation. The main culprits are the sun (UV rays and free radicals) and other environmental and physiological stresses that also cause inflammation and oxidation.
When AAGP™ is combined with Coenzyme Q10 a powerful anti-oxidant effect is achieved that not only protects but also seems to help the cells repair previously existing damage.
In vitro laboratory tests have shown the AAGP™ molecules can protect in vitro skin cells from damage and death that would otherwise occur from UV rays and free radicals.
To the extent of the laboratory tests conducted, AAGP™ clearly protects in vitro skin cells from cold temperatures, oxidation, UV irradiation and pH variations.
MANAGEMENT AND DIRECTORS >>
The management and operation of our science and business development is carried out by a team of executives, researchers, consultants and professional service providers, all of whom play an active role in moving the company forward.
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MANAGEMENT GROUP
Ross Senior, LLB
Protokinetix Inc.
President and CEO
Vancouver, BC
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Ross L. Senior, LLB
Dr. Max Arella, PhD
Fred Whittaker, C.A.
Public Affairs
Randy Anderson
Washington, D.C.
Investor Relations
Blair Henderson
Vancouver, BC
Finance and Regulatory
Mark Ralston
Standard Bankcorp Inc.
Vancouver, BC
Legal
Thomas E. Stepp JR.
Stepp Law Group
Irvine, California
Auditors
Peterson & Sullivan
Seattle, Washington
Transfer Agent
Transfer Online Inc.
Portland, Oregon
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SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADVISORY TEAM
Organic Chemistry
Dr. Geraldine Castelot-Deliencourt, PhD
Managing Director, TF Chem Inc.
Chief Scientist, ProtoKinetix
Rouen, France
Cell Biology
Dr. Fred Mazurier, PhD
INSERM
Bordeaux, France
Dr. Samer Hussein, PhD
ITTEC Stem Inc.
Helsinki, Finland
Business and Medical Group
Dr. Edward D. Martin, M.D., Group Chair
Rear Admiral (Ret.) US Public Health Service
Chair, Martin-Blanck & Associates,
Falls Church, Virginia
Dr. Julia T. Hunter, M.D.
Founder, Skin Fitness Plus,
Beverly Hills, California
Dr. Harold M. Koenig, M.D.
Vice Admiral (Ret.) US Navy Surgeon General
San Diego, California
Dr. John S. Parker, M.D.
Major General (Ret.) US Army
Former Commanding General US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC)
Alexandria, Virginia
Chairman, ProtoKinetix Science Advisory Board
Dr. John Todd, M.D.
Surgeon
White Rock, British Columbia
Donald J. Weber
Chairman and CEO, Logistics Health Inc.
La Crosse, Wisconsin
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